Adjectives and adverbs are a great example of knowing two words as a result of memorizing only one & the rules are largely consistent and predictable for what ending to apply.
Adverbs to end in -e
It seems typical to quote the adjectives in their masculine form for these mappings, so I’ll do likewise. But each of the endings below typically results in an adverb ending in -e, sometimes with other slight changes to the suffix.
Adjective ending | Adverb ending |
ły | le |
ny | nie |
sny | śnie |
sty | ście |
wy | wie |
Some examples
Adjective | Adverb | English |
ciekawy | ciekawie | interestingly |
doskonały | doskonale | perfectly |
ładny | ładnie | prettily |
osobisty | osobiście | personally |
radosny | radośnie | joyfully |
zły | zle | wrongly |
Exceptions
- While -wy ⇒ -wie, this isn’t the case when the ending is -owy. They map to –owo.
- Colours. These also map to the -o ending.
- There are just some exceptions to every rule. Common ones that I’ve see so far include :
Adjective | Adverb | English |
mroźny | mrózno | freezing |
późny | późno | late |
wolny | wolno | slowly |
Next post, I’ll look at the other adverb suffix which I’ve mentioned in the exceptions, -o.
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