Last post I looked at the way many adjectives can be closely mapped to corresponding adverbs, focusing on those which resulted in an adverb ending in -e.
In this post, I’ll cover the other category; those that result in an adverb ending in -o. As last time, I’ll quote examples of masculine adjective endings, but of course the same patterns apply for feminine and neuter versions.
Adverbs to end in -o
I’ll quote the full list of adjective endings which typically map to a adverb with -o, but effectively, it seems to be everything which isn’t in the list on the previous page for -e.
Soft endings: -ni, -pi, -wi, -si, -cy, -czy, -ży, -chy, -szy
The perennial special cases : -gi, -ki
And finally : -owy
As far as I can tell, there is only one common special change, where it’s not simply i to o, or y to o.
| Adjective ending | Adverb ending |
| ni | nio |
Some common examples
| Adjective | Adverb | English |
| bliski | blisko | closely |
| cichy | cicho | quietly |
| drogi | drogo | expensively |
| duży | dużo | a lot |
| gorący | gorąco | hot |
| lekki | lekko | lightly |
| ostatni | ostatnio | lately |
| suchy | sucho | dry |
| tani | tanio | cheaply |
| wysoki | wysoko | high |
| zdrowy | zdrowo | healthily |
Colours
There is a special rule for colours, which also map to an adverb ending with -o. The preposition ‘na‘ is added to a colour in order for it to make sense as an adverb,
| Adjective | Adverb | English |
| biały | na biało | in white |
| czerwony | na czerwono | in red |
| niebieski | na niebiesko | in blue |
| ciemny | na ciemno | in a dark colour |
| jasny | na jasno | in a bright colour |
Polish Lingo 